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 | Virtual
Tibet: Searching for Shangri-La from the Himalayas to Hollywood: In Virtual
Tibet, Orville Schell demarcated the land persecuted by China and the Shangri-la
of Western invention. Essentially Schell is concerned in presenting Hollywood's
impact on our views of Tibet. Schell begins by unfolding a trip he made to Tibet
as a consequence of perceptions based books like Heinrich Harrer's Seven Years
in Tibet. The book closes with Schell visiting the set of a 1997 movie of Harrer's
story, and pondering on its impact. I could not agree more that Tibet could
benefit from a more realistic representation. In Virtual Tibet, Schell does a
wonderful job of tracing the multifaceted historical events that have tangled
the indigenous population of Tibet with the Mongols and the Chinese. Schell tries
unsuccessfully to solicit our sympathy for the Chinese occupation by indicating
they have pumped over $4 billion into Tibet. Ironically, Orville that money has
not to the benefit of the locals Tibetans but rather to line the pockets of the
Chinese army and the Han Chinese invaders who have displaced and are ethnically
cleansing Tibet. Most of Virtual Tibet concentrates on a more elusive issue: the
double bind of the Shangri-la invention by Westerners. My sense is that we will
never really get rid of this invention because we are trying to fill a void which
we never can fill. According to Schell, the enthrallment began with Marco Polo's.
Schell offers an excellent sequential listing of succeeding works from Odorico
de Pordenone in the 14th century, through several other Catholic Capuchin and
Jesuit missionaries, ending with the first British intruders in the 18th century.
Schell culminates his list with James Hilton's Lost Horizon, published in 1933,
and Out of This World, the 1950 book by Lowell Thomas. According to Schell, the
Dalai Lama's straddles a curious divide "inaccessibility for accessibility
and aloofness for involvement." However, ironically Tibet fell to China precisely
because of this "inaccessibility and aloofness." This muddling of reality
has done the Tibetan cause nothing but harm. There is the complication of Steven
Seagal, the so called martial arts expert, actor, director, and producer has been
proclaimed a tulku, a reincarnation of a high lama. Schell concludes that Seagal
probably received it in exchange for a large contribution. It is this very muddling,
I think, and Schell should have come out stronger that is preventing the Tibetans
from gaining their much deserved independence and self-determination. Conversely,
the most intriguing issue Schell raises superficially is that "our fantasies
of places on or off this earth generally reflect far more about ourselves ...
than we perhaps care to know," and then stops there. It is clear that our
Orientalism is really less to do about the reality of the inventions but more
to do with what we aspire as a void we are trying to fill in ourselves and Schell
skirts the issue, I feel he skirts the issue because the Dalai Lama and the Tibetans
need these fantasies in order to keep the cause alive in the minds of westerners
- mostly to seek sympathy form western ssponsors - a tricky situation to be in.
In closing, we should give up our fictitious view of Tibet and our insistence
on Lhasa as the locus of mysticism. Instead, in its place should be the reality
of Realpolitik and that rather than wishful thinking we should take concrete steps
work for its freedom, less concerned with metaphysical but replaced by humanist
considerations. |
 | Demystifying
Tibet : Unlocking the Secrets of the Land of the Snows by Lee Feigon: There
is question that haunts most Tibet scholars (not to mention envious Buddhist adherents:
Just what is it about Tibet that it lures such an amazing list of myths? There
seems to be no other space on the planet so enveloped in myth, illusion, and fantasy.
This unique myth-making occurred (occurs) not only in the West - through the dangerous
distortions of its religious traditions (by Madame Blavatsky and Lobsang Rampa,
the Irish plumber turned self-anointed Tibetan monk, among others - more on this
in Donald Lopez's "Prisoners of Shangri-La) or more insidiously through utopianesque
novels such as James Hilton's Lost Horizon. Moreover, we see the same distortions
in modern China which has demonized Tibetan life and society prior to 1950 and
then reversing themselves by while glorifying it ever since. The main thesis of
Lee Feigon's "Demystification" is that Tibet is not part of China. Transcending
all the mythmaking and using hard scholarship, Feigon reverts back to the Tang
and Qing to confront head on the claims that Tibet is part of China. The presence
of Princess Wencheng is proof positive the Tang dynasty China had to deal with
Tibet on an equal basis - equal and separate. One of the more interesting observations
Feigon makes has to do with the consequences of the Shangri-La image Tibet has
in the West: "Unfortunately this sympathy for Tibetans strengthened the world's
view of them as the purveyors of a kind of humble goodness, symbolized by the
image of peace and wisdom. Although this image is meant to glorify the Tibetans,
it really obscures them. It perpetuates a stereotype of Asians who are either
all good or all evil, never real people. It contrasts the evil Chinese against
the good Tibetans and accomplishes almost the opposite of what it seeks to promote.
Instead of treating the Tibetans as a separate people, it casts them again into
the shadow of China." (p. 22) "Demystifying Tibet" is an authoritative
look at Tibetan civilization and history. In this book Feigon examines the global
perspectives which have shaped our image of Tibet. Feigon is a professor of East
Asian Studies, and complete with detailed footnotes - he brings to presence a
contradictions of Shangri-La. I highly recommended this book as a basis for a
college course. |
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| A
History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State by Melvyn
Goldstein: Melvyn Goldstein's goal is not to prop up one side of the other
in this debate; instead, he gives an account the past and the process that led
to "the demise, in 1951, of the de facto independent Lamaist State."
He posits that even though external actors gave rise to the fall of independent
Tibet, in-house dynamics produced the state of affairs that enabled peripheral
actors, mainly China, to succeed. Principal among the factors causative to Chinese
military triumph was the fact that Tibet was not geared up for fighting. Tibet's
religious leadership obstinately resisted the military transformation that might
have enabled Tibet to resist Chinese domination. The point is now moot. This is
played out in some length in its theatrical renditions in movies such as: Jean-Jacques
Annaud's "Seven Years in Tibet" and Martin Scorsese's "Kundun"
(both also available on Amazon.com). Truth be told, it was actually built-in to
the Tibetan ontological framework of passivity and extreme isolation (somewhat
self-imposed) that lead to its not being prepared for the Chinese onslaught. Through
no fault of theirs events took the shape they did. The book is broken up into
two distinct parts - the opening part focusing on the 13th Dalai Lama and the
period following his death and the next part dealing with the Taktra Regency (1941-1950)
and the critical events of 1951. Goldstein sees the work as bridging: "two
diametrically opposing views of Tibet's political status... The pro-Tibetan school
argues that Tibet had been an independent state conquered by the Chinese Communists
and was wrongly incorporated into the Chinese state. The pro-Chinese school sees
Tibet as a traditional part of China which split from it as a consequence of British
machinations after the fall of the Manchu dynasty, but which was rightly reunited
with China in 1951" (xix). Goldstein, an anthropologist by schooling, does
what he does best by submitting huge quantities of data, and suffers from the
fact that he does not critically analyze the date in relation to the key issue
of status. Status being what he himself brought on as his central thesis. Goldstein's
tale of political proceedings in Tibet during this, the twentieth century is by
far more wide-ranging than any until that time, published; whether it is really
more accurate or representative, or subject to politically expediency, is one
of the questions brought up by his merely penning the book. He goes into great
detail on what he refers to as the "serf" system in Tibet which is seen
to be a misnomer by most Tibetans. On of the most disturbing issues relating to
this massive missive is that Goldstein fails to mention the number of Tibetans
in Tibet who suddenly died after having been "compelled to accept Chinese
sovereignty" which has been projected to have been as much as 1.2 million
(out of a population of around 6 million). This series of problematical events
is also known by another expression, used by the International Commission of Jurists
in 1960 in their denunciation of the Chinese actions in Tibet: "genocide."
For more details on this and some of the other issues Goldstein may have missed,
you can refer to "In Exile from the Land of Snows: The Definitive Account
of the Dalai Lama and Tibet since the Chinese Conquest" by John F. Avedon
(also available on Amazon.com). I have to give Goldstein kudos though for placing
complexity where there was none previously. This book shatters some of our closely
held notions of Tibet as some form of Shangri-La. It may not have been his intent
but Goldstein (as well as Avedon) clearly point out how betrayed or ignored Tibet
was by Britain and America for geopolitical and selfish shortsighted reasons.
The tome is an amazing look at the complexity and the range/extent of internal
(for a lack of a better word) infighting that existed. Internal rivalries such
as those between the monasteries resulting form their own internal infrastructure
may have been one of the major causes and Goldstein makes an unwitting argument
for internal sovereignty. The book is long and is meant for those who are interested
(as no book this long will sustain a reader unless there is initial interest)
but should always be critically examined and compared against other studies about
Tibet. For Goldstein's lack of romanticizing of Tibet, I give him 5 stars. |
|
| Prisoners
of Shangri-LA : Tibetan Buddhism and the West by Donald S. Lopez Jr.: Lopez
is a genius and really gets at the heart of the Western construction of Tibet,
the realities of the Panchen Lama and the Shugden affair really hit home that
Tibet is real and for as long was we treat Tibet as the ideal Shangri-La, we deny
Tibet any real space in history. Lopez writes, "To the extent that we continue
to believe that Tibet prior to 1950 was a utopia, the Tibet of 1998 will be no
place" (11). This book is a triumph in Tibetan studies and should be read,
written, and discussed. Donald Lopez shows us that from within how to find some
way to break free from the carceral community and perhaps "some may find
a file with which to begin the slow work or sawing though the bars" (Lopez
13). Lopez writes, "This book does not set out to apportion praise and blame.
Neither is its purpose to distinguish good Tibetology from bad, to separate fact
from fiction, or the scholarly from the popular, but to show their confluence.
The question considered is not how knowledge is tainted but how knowledge takes
form. This book then is an exploration of some of the mirror-lined cultural labyrinths
that have been created by Tibetans, Tibetophiles, and Tibetologists, labyrinths
that the scholar may map but in which the scholar also must wander. We are captives
of confines of our own making, we are all prisoners of Shangri-La. This book,
then, is not written outside the walls of the prison, nor does it hold the key
that would permit escape. Hidden in its pages, however, some may find a file with
which to begin the slow work of sawing though the bars" (Lopez 13). This
book, in my opinion, is one of the best books around on the social construction
of Tibet. This book is effectively a history of the "Orientalist" creation
of Tibet. Lopez give an account of a vast set of creations of Tibet and Tibetan
Buddhism that pervade popular western culture. Tsering Shakya reads in Lopez's
work that Tibet remained outside the scrutiny of post-colonial discourse because
it was never really annexed by a western colonial power. My sense is that the
remoteness and seemingly unprofitable conditions that was Tibet insulated it from
colonial powers in the past - not anymore. But the extensive examination of the
archive that Lopez undertakes undermines Shakya's reading of Lopez that it was
never really annexed - maybe not physically but certainly was culturally. I have
to agree with Lopez in that there are really two Tibets - the somewhat more authentic
one and the one constructed by the West. In his extensive look at the archive,
Lopez digs into a few very key aspects of Tibetan Buddhism that were not just
appropriated but rather misappropriated to seem almost representative of the whole
of Tibet. In Lopez's examination of the phenomenon of Lamaism, his deconstruction
of T. Lobsang Rampa, his examination of the discourse of the Book of the Dead,
and the uncritical appropriation of the mantra Om Mani Padme Hum we see how extensive
the invention is of Tibet is in the West. The Dalai Lama himself is quick to point
out that Lamaism (which really does not exist) is not a debasement of Buddhism
but rather that the reverse is true. Tibetan Buddhists, perhaps more than any
other sect, adhere strictly to the Sutras. Translated from the original Sanskrit,
Tibetan text and the commentaries are perhaps the "purest" - if I might
be allowed to use the phrase without overly romanticizing. Lopez continues by
outlining what I would call his version epistemic violence that is within the
framework of dualities: "Thus Lamaism may be portrayed in the West as the
most authentic and most degenerate form of Buddhism, Tibetan monks may be portrayed
as saintly or rapacious, Tibetan artists may be portrayed as inspired mystics
and mindless automatons, Tibetan peasants may be portrayed as pristine or filthy.
This language about Tibet not only creates knowledge about Tibet, in many ways
creates Tibet, a Tibet that Tibetans in exile have come to appropriate and deploy
in an effort to gain both standing in exile and independence for their country"
(Lopez 10). The deconstruction of the T. Lobsang Rampa is very telling in that
falsification is very difficult. Making all sorts of questionable claims - akin
to the ones made by Madam Blavatsky of the Theosophical Society - very difficult
to disprove (or even prove). The discourse of the Book of the Dead and its publication
here in the west and it position as representative and preeminent status as "the
book" (as Lopez likes to call it) is really proven to be the product of western
academic fiction. The exoticizing of the mantra Oh Mani Padme Hum only proves
that the Orientalist discourse of the self and other and the rendering "exotic"
is alive and well. Lopez compels us to ask the question, "Who's Tibet"? |
|
|
In Exile from the
Land of Snows: The Definitive Account of the Dalai Lama and Tibet Since the Chinese
Conquest by John F. Avedon: Books Like "In Exile from the Lands of Snows
and Movies like "Seven Years in Tibet" and "Kundun" destroy
the myth of Shangri-La while portraying Tibet as real through participation in
the production and giving advice on the historical accuracy of both movies and
book giving Tibet complexity. The myth of Shangri-La as laid out by James Hilton
in "Lost Horizon", as far as the West is concerned, is as real as any
Homeric myth can be. Westerners, mired in the irony of losing a fantasy, do not
have to deal with real flesh and blood issues. Deconstructing by examining the
power relations lifts the veil of fantasy and offers a more authentic discourse.
Read this book with an open mind and be ready to discard old notions of myth,
fantasy and construction. A resounding 5 stars! |
|
| Ethics
for the New Millennium: His Holiness the Dalai Lama by Dalai Lama, Dalai Lama:
According to His Holiness the Dalai Lama - Ethics for the New Millennium is
not a spiritual book. However, what is clear is that his conclusions and recommendations
come from a long history of Tibetan Mahayana Buddhism. Mahayana is one of the
two main vehicles of Tibetan Buddhism. In this sense, his message is a universal
rather than a personal one. In this book, His Holiness speaks to larger social
and moral issues. "My aim has been to appeal for an approach to ethics based
on universal rather religious principles (xiii)." The Dalai Lama has used
this approach for this book because as far as his powers of observation tell him,
humanity has turned their back on traditional religions (the classical mode for
ethical considerations) but nonetheless seek happiness in a world gone out of
control. Despite the book not being a drastic departure from any of his previous
work, it does cover issue that he has not dealt with prior to this one - issues
of bioethics and excessive materialism. In this book, he is open and comes across,
as folk - just folk with everyday concerns and human needs - like his thoughts
about his mundane attachment to his watch. The whole book is written in a simple
and almost conversational tone is clearly aimed at a large audience. A far cry
from the more technical books such as Path to Bliss, The Art of Happiness, The
Meaning of Life form a Buddhist Perspective and even Kindness, Clarity and Insight
on religion and meditation and more in tune with his autobiographical pieces like
Freedom in Exile and My Land and My People, this book shines as a testament to
a man who truly love humanity. As a point of method, the almost step-by-step approach
lends itself to a friendly guru, of which is perhaps one of the more visible of
his many personae to the western world. What is really important to take away
from this book is his use of Tibetan roots and his transforming then into everyday
language - making the issues and possible solutions accessible to the ordinary
(as in non-technical) reader. |
| 
| Freedom
in Exile by Lama Dalai: Not long ago, the question was posed to His Holiness
the Dalai Lama as to why he penned his autobiography -- Freedom in Exile. To this
query he responded with: `I am human being who had quite a lot of sad situation,
yet my mental health seems not bad. I think some people might find some idea [in
my tale], some small contribution for inner peace, for happiness.' The story starts
in a small village in the roof of the world at an altitude of 3 miles deep in
Eastern Tibet... Lhamo Thondup was only 2 when the monks came to fetch him 1937.
The search party waltz right into his peasant parents' farmhouse and things were
never the same again. Lhamo Thondup was eventually taken away to Lhasa -- the
fabled capital in the Land of the Snows. He was God - recognized through the a
dozen omens - skeptics will always question - (a) the way the head of the recently
deceased 13th Dalai Lama had turned in its coffin toward the east, (b) the direction
of the boy's home, and (3) the vision of the child's very house seen in the lake
of Lhamo Lhatso by a Reting Rinpoche. When the young Lhamo was escorted to the
late 13th Dalai Lama's room at the summer palace in Norbulingka, the toddler allegedly
motioned toward a little case and announced nonchalantly, `My teeth are in there.'
To the amazement of the accompanying monks a set of the late 13th false teeth
were contained therein. The Dalai Lama told Newsweek, `Exile has made me tougher.'
Moreover, according to his younger brother Tenzin Choegyal, exile has `enabled
him [the Dalai Lama] to realize his full potential.' This achievement did have
a price -- in the Potala, His Holiness the Dalai Lama was both secluded and isolated.
If one positive thing has resulted from his having to depart Tibet, was that he
was brought closer to the plight of his own people and the rest of the world.
Tenzin Gyatso, now the 14th Dalai Lama was given the chance to see things as they
really are. In `Freedom in Exile' the message becomes a universal one - one that
transcends a locality and that is what makes this book so compelling and necessary.
From being the most secluded leader of the modern world, the 14th Dalai Lama is
now among the most traveled, most celebrated and best known. The humble figure
in maroon robes has become the locus of attention for the world's angst about
Chinese authoritarianism and ideological expansion. The situation of the Tibetans
- as penned by the Dalai Lama in `Freedoom in Exile' is proof positive that despite
Mao's utterances that `Religion is Poison' - we are left thinking perhaps the
reverse is true - `Non-Religion is Poison'. Ironically, this is not the role to
which he was born. The Dalai Lama not have mixed with ordinary people in Tibet
if it had not been for the Chinese invasion. I guess this statement may never
be proven true nor false as it hinges on pure speculation. In `Freedom in Exile'
the Dalai Lama does allude to the need form change j-but not at the pace and form
that the Chinese used. As he outlines in his autobiography, `Freedom in Exile,'
on the rare occasions he left his official residence -- the cold 1,000-room Potala
palace in Lhasa -- he moved past his minions on a yellow silk palanquin, pulled
by 20 army officers in green cloaks and red hats and surrounded by hundreds of
men: monks and musicians, sword-wielding horsemen and `porters carrying my songbirds
in cages and my personal belongings all wrapped in yellow silk.' To ensure the
people didn't get too near, the monastic police encircled the whole entourage.
`In their hands they carried long whips, which they would not hesitate to use,'
he wrote. Sad for one so attuned now to the needs of his people. The country over
which he ruled was a land of people who believed the Buddha's tenet that one's
action in this life determines one's fate in the next. Since the establishment
of Buddhism as Tibet's chief religion in the eighth century, parents had inculcated
into their children that all life, animal and human, is sacred. `I have never
seen less evidence of hatred, envy, malice and uncharitableness [than in Tibet],'
penned Hugh Richardson, British India's trade consul to the remote nation in the
1940s. However, that peace in the `Rooftop of the World' was violently destroyed
when in 1950, 84,000 PLA troops launched a dawn offensive against six different
positions along the border. According to his account, in 1959, the Dalai Lama,
by then age 24, fled for his life through the snow across 17,000-foot Himalayan
passes into India in an effort to preserve his nation, his people and his heritage.
Since then, he has lived in the Indian mountain village of Dharamsala, the capital
of the Tibetan government-in-exile. The book is full of references to a man with
a sense of purpose -- rising at 4 a.m. daily to meditate, meet with cabinet members
and refugees and pursue worldly interests that include Western neurobiology and
physics. |
|
| Seven
Years in Tibet by Heinrich Harrer: No doubt that "Seven Years in Tibet"
is an intimate portrait. A careful re-read will show an almost Indiana Jones quality
to the book. Despite the objections to the contrary, Heinrich Harrer is a storyteller
-- and a good one. I have to admit to ann almost subjective experience with the
book. I found my original copy (which I gave away as a gift) in a small store
in Dharamsala in India. It was a close companion and source of solace at a time
and in a place that was alien to me. I am certain that Harrer felt the same way
when he was interned in India in 1939. Harrer escaped only to find himself in
Tibet. The narrative of the escape is the stuff of legend is revisited in detail
in the book and in the movie with Brad Pitt (also available on Amazon.com). However,
I do have to caution the reader -- it is a European perspective and almost flirts
with a benign sense of condescension. In an odd sort of way, Harrer is almost
neo-imperialist. He is a mountain climber so he is no stranger to survival and
unique cultures. It is a rounded account of the Tibetans and could only be told
by one who lived among them. Was he able to penetrate the veil? Only you the reader
will be able to ascertain that one. Harrer has interesting impressions of both
His Holiness the Dalai Lama and the Oracle. If you asked them, I am certain the
story would be different. Tibetans as a people have as much right to a sense of
self determination as anyone. Their cause will not be furthered by infusing a
sense of noble subject or a sense of idealized Shangri-La. Thanks goodness Harrer
does fall into this trap and I need to give him props for that. It is a read that
I never tire of even a second or a third time. |
| 
| Tibetan
Portrait: The Power of Compassion by Phil Borges, et al: Phil Borges presents,
through the medium of photography, a project that brings attention to the situation
in Tibet. Both stylish and yet sensitive, Borges uses an extensive cross section
of subjects to accomplish this. He brings to the project, like I mentioned above,
an extensive cross section not just of subjects but locations as well that exemplify
the phenomenal complexity and diversity in that country. An example is the portrait
of Yama, which caught my eye, who could be any child in any place in the world.
I might be waxing "noble savage" here but does she not deserve a childhood
just like any child in the globe? With text from such notables as Nobel Peace
Laureates like Elie Wiesel and His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso - the book is a sure
hit and a must for every home. Not to be outdone are other contributors who themselves
are "heavy hitters" in the discourse of Tibet and Tibetan issues - Robert
F. Thurman and the late Galen Rowell. Phil Borges presents us with nothing less
than a tour de force of visual stimulation coupled with profound text and a stylish
presentation. A keeper that will stand the test of time. |
| | Lost
Horizon by James Hilton: The myth of Shangri-La, as created by James Hilton
in his classic book "Lost Horizon", is an example of one simplistic
myth. Hilton's Shangri-La is a utopia that is idyllic: peaceful, serene and the
people - subservient. The irony of Hilton's Shangri-La is that it is not only
a simplistic but also a false representation of Tibet. Although Hilton does not
say it directly, all the symbols point to a literary construction of a mountain
city/country run by a high priest - a french one at that. The myth of Shangri-La
does not reflect the authentic narrative of Tibet. I praise Hilton for his literary
style and his imaginative spirit. I highly recommend this book but keep in mind
that it is part and parcel of a dangerous and overly simplistic mechanism of what
Edward Said coined as "Orientalism". Read it for all it is worth then
pick up "In Exile from the Lands of Snows" by John F. Avedon and judge
for yourself. |
|
| |
 | They
Are Still Serving Rice in Tibet: Khyentse Norbu's Phörpa or The Cup is
going to be difficult to sell in the US because it deal with two subjects that
a US audience is not particularly interested in - Tibet and Soccer. In short,
(on the surface) the story is about two young boys who escape from Tibet, land
in a Bhutanese monastery, join up with other more established monks in waiting
who are crazy about soccer, have an adventure and live happily ever after. Sure
it is all this - but it is much more. Phörpa calls us to question some very
fundamental issues that continue to haunt us - a nation's and a people's right
to free expression in the guise of a bunch of everyday kids who just want to watch
Soccer. With regards to Soccer, I for one did not care whether Norbu's creatively
use and re-sequenced the games played in the World Cup - who cares. Phörpa
uses the World Cup as a metaphor or as a symbol for the potential unity of people
from different countries or backgrounds. The World Cup is one thing that the majority
of the world can agree to watch together, even though, ironically, the event itself
is competitive - we hear the almost pastoral utterance "Two civilized nations
fight over a ball." One thing watching Phörpa does prove is that even
if we are all like crayons - some are sharp, some are pretty and some are dull;
some have weird names, and all are different colors, but they all have to live
in the same box - in other words the more we seem to differ - the more we are
actually the same - proven by the unifying image of the World Cup. On the subject
of Tibet, several items came to presence for me. One of the items that hit me
like a sledgehammer was Geko's transformation. Such transformations are a testimony
to the ever elastic culture of Tibet. The film takes yet another sub two pronged
approach - a human level and a political level - the two may be mutually independent
but are nonetheless intrinsically intertwined. On the human aspect - the monks
are very similar to people who regularly go to movies. I have to agree with most
that Phörpa is one of the most subtle political films ever made despite sometimes
not so subtle inclusion of such lines as "Chinese are still serving rice
in Tibet." Many youngsters in the present day will without a doubt gain from
seeing this unsanitized view of Tibetans in exile. The hope is that said youngsters
will better comprehend a people with a dissimilar cultural and epistemological
basis than their own. Moreover, the youth of today will learn to "give props,"
revere and acknowledge the difficulties other peoples experience - in other words
they will learn - compassion. Lastly, despite the successes of western "progress"
the west is certainly not the only model worth emulating and that such things
as differences within a cultured space matter. In the end, people decide in their
own countries what form liberal democracy takes within their specific cultural
context. Bravo Khyentse Norbu and Tashi Delek! |
 |
Tibet - Cry
of the Snow Lion: Tibet: Cry of the Snow Lion is an astonishing documentary
concerning the near-destruction of Tibetan culture, the suffering of the people,
and the will to survive. Director and cinematographer Tom Peosay should be applauded
for his efforts and results - he has created an amazing pedagogical tool. Sections
of the documentary draw our attention to the plight of the Tibetan people and
their ongoing struggles under Chinese Communist oppression. According to Robert
Thurman, pre-occupation Tibet was a Buddhist theocracy, a country that invested
85% of its national budget to support monastic universities. Once again, to borrow
from Thurman, it would be the equivalent to the entire U.S. defense budget going
into education so as to develop "enlightened people." According to this
documentary, because the monasteries also controlled the land, when the Chinese
"liberated" Tibet, the religious sector was marked for destruction.
The wicked opening sequence uses exceptional archival and undercover footage covering
the Lhasa demonstrations of 1987. In this same incident, Jampa Tenzin was severely
burned while attempting to rescue monks from a burning police station where they
were being held. Ironically, although he was hailed as a hero for his courage
the time, he was eventually detained by the Chinese, tortured, and finally killed.
As the documentary shows, the Dalai Lama is still the most credible spokesperson
for the suffering of his people. Continuously, the Dalai Lama points to the fact
that he holds no hatred for the Chinese oppressors. To the contrary, he sees them
as teachers who encourage him to the spiritual practice of compassion. The Dalai
Lama's proposal that Tibet become a demilitarized "Zone of Peace" seems
both creative and sound - but does not seem to hold much currency to the Chinese
who wish to strip Tibet of its natural resources. Moreover, even if the Chinese
have rebuilt several monasteries - after destroying most of them - they are constantly
trying to remove any memory of the Dalai Lama. China's latest method of stamping
out Tibetan religion and culture sustained program of ethnic cleansing that includes
the construction of a railroad that will speed up populating the area with ethnic
Han Chinese. The documentary reveals how this demographic shift has impacted Lhasa
altering the landscape with large apartment complexes, brothels, and Western style
stores. For those of us who seem to plead for authentic - allow us to explain
that this is not a defense of a primordial, essential, or uniquely unique Tibet.
It is, however, a revolutionary disruption that is both unwelcome and unsuccessful.
Cultures come and go but it is up to the participants within that culture to decide
what is beneficial or not - and should never be imposed and violence I find difficult
to understand despite the humanist agenda of communism. There is wrong, and there
is wrong, and there is what the Chinese are doing in Tibet. For those tourists
who visited Tibet and where enchanted by what seemed normal and espouse a belief
that perhaps Tibetans should just follow Chinese edicts - think again - as this
documentary points out, many Tibetans are unemployed and live in poverty. With
their religion and culture under siege, Tibetans have little to cling to except
hope that one day they will have self-determination. |
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| Kundun
DVD ~ Tenzin Thuthob Tsarong: There is an unexpected quite dignity that surrounds
"Kundun" that one would not expect from Scorsece. However, to take a
risk like this, to attempt to create a piece out of something so ontologically
divergent from his hard boiled hoodlum movies, Scorsece has to be recognized.
I'm certain that everything about the movie itself - has been written and talked
about to death so I won't get into all that. However, the clever use of non-Hollywood
actors; the imagery; the epic struggle of a coming of age of a boy, magically
discovered, to grow into a man of international renown and consequence. Over and
above the cinematic triumph of the efforts of Scrosece, Matheson and Roger; little
is said about the attempts by the Chinese Government to stop this movie from seeing
the light of day. I guess the power of Scorsece to portray religious figures as
human beings and not distant godheads was not missed on the Chinese Authorities.
Scorsece run the risk of caricaturing due to the vastness of his subject and his
impact on the world - and passed with flying colors. We have to ask ourselves
though, as a viewing public: Is this a form of escapism? A longing for an ontological
framework so divergent from our own? We long for it despite knowing full well
that we will never understand its detail without the discipline of research beyond
a two hour movie. We continue to wish that a Shangri-La still exists. Scorsece's
efforts to infuse a semblance of realpolitik show us no sign of Shangri-La and
it is for that that I will forever remember this film. |
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| Seven
Years in Tibet DVD ~ Brad Pitt: Ever since Ronald Colman raised the bar of
expectation by his not so chance encounter with Shangri-La in the 1937 movie rendition
of "Lost Horizon", we have been trying to find our way back. Thanks
to movies like "Seven years in Tibet", we can focus on the real issues
rather than paradise revisited. With the release of the movie version of Heinrich
Harrer's "Seven Years in Tibet" we are presented with a different story
- one less fairly tale...Jacque Annaud'ss...film allows us to move away from the
fantasy created by "Lost Horizon"... Annaud succeeds in bringing Tibet
to life, to make it more human, more real. As much as the story is Harrer's, it
seems inevitable that the focus moves away from him and onto the Dalai Lama. The
book reads like an outsider looking at things from the outside in. The focus of
the book, is all Harrer. Luckily, film has an ability to visualize the books cannot
ever provide - a real immediate feel. The movie is everything and it at times
almost feels like it will slide into Indiana Jones. However, the power of Tibet
saves it. It almost feel like Pitt and Thewlis are out of place. The real stars
are the set, the landscape and the Nepalese extras. Filmed everywhere but Tibet,
the film does give its western audience a real soft landing, one that they will
not get with Scorsese's "Kundun"... Hollywood does need to supply a
demand and we demand epic scenes, high priced talent, a sense of the exotic. As
if east meets west and the fusion of the two is greater than the sum of the parts.
For the attention to detail, I can't help but sing the praises. If you can stomach
Pitt's fake Austrian accent, the film is a visual delight. It would be a tempting
fantasy to hope that we can preserve it [...] |